专访中央财经大学教授沈建峰：要给8400万灵活就业者系好社保安全带

Core Viewpoint - Flexible employment and new employment forms have become a crucial part of China's labor market, with 84 million new employment form workers accounting for 21% of the total workforce [1] Group 1: Legal Challenges in Flexible Employment - The primary issue is the ambiguous definition of employment entities, leading to difficulties in identifying responsible parties in a multi-entity labor organization [5][6] - The second challenge is the difficulty in defining employment relationships due to the nature of flexible work, where workers can choose when to work and for whom, complicating the recognition of labor relations [6][7] - The third challenge involves the unique protection needs of workers in the digital age, including the lack of regulations on data protection and the management issues arising from algorithmic control [7][8] Group 2: Changes in Labor Relationship Recognition Standards - The recognition of labor relationships in new employment forms faces special challenges, including multi-entity employment and hidden control through technology [10][11] - The traditional standards for recognizing labor relationships need to adapt to the realities of platform-based work, emphasizing the need for a "fact-first" approach in determining labor relations [12] Group 3: Innovations in Social Insurance Systems - There is a need for a tailored social insurance system for flexible workers, as seen in companies like JD.com and Meituan, which are exploring new models for social insurance contributions [14][15] - Current regulations pose challenges for employers to provide social insurance due to the complexity of employment relationships in flexible work [15][16] - Recent pilot programs aim to address these issues by introducing occupational injury insurance and expanding coverage to more workers [16][17] Group 4: Taxation and Compliance Challenges - The blurred lines between labor remuneration and business income present significant challenges for tax compliance in the flexible employment sector [19][20] - The emergence of issues like tax evasion and fraudulent invoicing highlights the need for clearer distinctions and more substantial judgments in tax classifications [20][21] - Future tax reforms should focus on unifying tax policies across regions and leveraging technology to enhance tax collection and compliance in the flexible employment sector [21]