能否终结数百年产业转移史，这是人工智能的一场“大考”

Core Insights - The article discusses the historical context of global industrial transfer and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to reshape the manufacturing landscape in China, suggesting that AI could end the trend of industrial transfer that has persisted for over six centuries [1][4]. Historical Context - The article outlines the historical shifts in global production centers, noting that East Asia was once the core of global industry, particularly during the Song and Yuan dynasties, but lost its dominance due to changes in maritime policies and the rise of European powers [2][3]. - Post-World War II, the production center shifted to Japan and then to the "Four Asian Tigers," eventually relocating to China’s Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions after 1992 [3]. Current Trends and AI's Role - The article highlights the emergence of "dark factories" in regions like Jiangsu and Guangdong, where factories operate continuously with minimal human intervention, raising questions about the future of industrial production and the historical patterns of industrial transfer [4]. - It notes that since 2012, some manufacturing has begun to relocate from China to countries like Vietnam and India, driven by rising local factor costs, particularly for foreign companies [4]. Strategic Implications - The article emphasizes the importance of leveraging AI to maintain China's manufacturing dominance and prevent further industrial transfer, framing this as a critical aspect of national rejuvenation [5]. - It discusses the need for a dual focus on improving living standards and environmental sustainability while resisting the natural gravitational pull of industrial transfer [8]. Ideological Considerations - The article touches on the ideological battle surrounding AI and its implications for governance, suggesting that control over AI technologies could influence global narratives and values [12][13]. - It contrasts the "right-wing accelerationism" prevalent in the U.S. tech sector with China's approach, which emphasizes ethical development and social responsibility in technology [18][21].