石油巨头，大动作

Group 1 - Saudi Aramco is increasing investments in synthetic fuels and has announced a partnership with BYD to research low-carbon fuels and internal combustion engine technology [1][4] - The company has two synthetic fuel projects under construction: one in Bilbao, Spain, in collaboration with Repsol, producing 50 barrels of low-carbon synthetic aviation fuel daily, and another in Saudi Arabia, producing 35 barrels of synthetic fuel for light passenger vehicles daily [2] - Synthetic fuels, also known as e-fuels, are generated from renewable energy or decarbonized electricity, primarily using hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and are seen as a low-carbon alternative to traditional fuels [2] Group 2 - Saudi Aramco has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in the two synthetic fuel projects and plans to continue investing based on business expansion [2] - The company aims to have both plants operational by 2027, with initial goals to provide fuel for automotive testing and to meet the needs of F1 and other racing events [2] - In June 2024, Saudi Aramco acquired a 10% stake in Horse Powertrain for €740 million, a company focused on hybrid and fuel-powered components and systems [3] Group 3 - The partnership with BYD aims to enhance energy efficiency and environmental performance in hybrid vehicles [4] - Saudi Aramco is also accelerating the construction of a global network of gas stations to strengthen its long-term position in the internal combustion engine sector [5] - The company believes that synthetic fuels can significantly reduce carbon emissions from existing fuel vehicles and may easily replace biomass fuel demand by 2050 [5]