Sou Hu Cai Jing·2025-05-04 10:30Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of electricity supply in China, highlighting the transition from a time of frequent power outages to a modern society with stable electricity access, particularly in rural areas [1][21]. Historical Development - The history of electricity in China dates back to 1879 when Shanghai lit the first electric lamp, establishing a foundation for the country's power development [1]. - Large-scale construction of the national power grid began after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, with significant projects like the 506 transmission line from the Fuling Hydropower Station to Lishizhai, spanning 370 kilometers [2][4]. Challenges in Early Development - The construction faced numerous challenges, including a lack of experience and manpower, requiring workers to rely on manual labor for tasks such as erecting towers and laying cables [4][6]. - The first 220 kV transmission line was completed in 1954, but rural electrification was not prioritized until after the economic reforms [6][8]. Rural Electrification - Initially, rural electrification only met basic lighting needs, with limited power supply and high costs based on the number of light bulbs [8][9]. - By 1997, Hunan Province achieved "village electrification," and by 2006, "household electrification" was completed, although some remote areas still relied on candles and kerosene lamps [13]. Modern Power Generation - China's power generation primarily relies on thermal power, which poses environmental challenges and high costs due to coal transportation [15]. - The government has shifted focus to clean energy sources like hydropower, with significant projects such as the Three Gorges Dam, capable of generating 70 million kilowatt-hours during peak water levels [17]. Infrastructure Investment - Between 1998 and 2004, over 210 billion RMB was invested to ensure stable electricity for 150 million farmers, marking a significant improvement in rural power supply [17]. - Ongoing upgrades to power towers and infrastructure are crucial for maintaining stability against extreme weather events [17]. Recent Challenges - Despite advancements, incidents like the 2022 power restrictions in Sichuan, caused by extreme weather and over-reliance on hydropower, highlight ongoing vulnerabilities in the electricity supply system [21][23]. - The article emphasizes that while the frequency of power outages has decreased, challenges remain to ensure that power supply becomes consistently reliable across all regions [21][23].