美联储降息预期下，黄金与比特币为何成“新避险之王”？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the rising interest in gold and Bitcoin as potential "new safe-haven assets" amid expectations of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, prompting investors to consider which asset may be more favorable for risk management [1][3]. Group 1: Federal Reserve Rate Cuts and Market Reactions - The expectation of interest rate cuts has triggered a chain reaction in global capital markets, with a consensus forming around the logic of "preventive rate cuts" due to various instability factors [3]. - The U.S. federal debt has surpassed $36 trillion, with interest payments consuming a historically high proportion of fiscal revenue, leading to concerns about long-term inflation despite short-term relief from rate cuts [4]. - The yield curve for U.S. Treasury bonds has inverted, with the 10-year bond yield dropping below 4%, prompting a shift of funds from dollar assets to safe-haven assets like gold and yen [4]. Group 2: Gold as a Safe-Haven Asset - Gold has demonstrated resilience during market turmoil, with COMEX gold prices reaching a historical high of over $2,500 per ounce in March 2025, and currently trading at $3,393.4 per ounce [4][6]. - The demand for gold is supported by its historical role as a value store during crises, with a notable increase in gold ETF holdings during the 2024 Israel-Palestine conflict [6]. - Central banks globally have increased their gold purchases, with a net purchase of 1,136 tons in 2024, and China has been increasing its gold reserves for 16 consecutive months [6]. Group 3: Bitcoin's Position and Challenges - Bitcoin has shown a dual nature in 2025, being included in some institutional portfolios while still facing regulatory scrutiny and volatility [11]. - Despite a temporary price surge due to a halving event in April 2024, Bitcoin's correlation with risk assets remains high, as evidenced by an 18% drop during the 2024 U.S. stock market crash [12]. - Bitcoin's market capitalization is significantly lower than gold's, at $1.2 trillion compared to gold's over $13 trillion, limiting its capacity to absorb large-scale safe-haven investments [14]. Group 4: Investment Strategies - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the underlying logic of both assets rather than chasing trends, suggesting that gold serves as a "ballast" for systemic risk, while Bitcoin is viewed as an "experiment" with high volatility and regulatory uncertainties [15].