1428个专业被撤，中国高校上演“专业大逃杀”

Core Points - A significant wave of program cancellations is occurring in Chinese universities, with 1,428 programs being cut in 2024, marking a historical high. This includes programs with employment rates below 60% for five consecutive years, as well as once-popular disciplines [1][16][19] - The trend shows a stark contrast between the retreat of traditional programs and the rapid growth of fields like artificial intelligence and digital theater, indicating a dynamic shift in higher education [2][30] Group 1: Program Cancellations - Notable universities like Nanchang University and Shandong University have announced the cancellation of multiple programs, with Nanchang University planning to cut eight programs and Shandong University ten [3][4] - The canceled programs can be categorized into "sunset industry" programs and "theoretical" programs, reflecting the need for universities to adapt to industry demands [6][11] - Programs such as industrial design and public administration are being phased out due to low employment rates and outdated curricula [7][8] Group 2: New Program Additions - In contrast to the cancellations, 1,839 new programs have been added in 2024, focusing on emerging fields that align with national strategies and market demands [16][29] - New programs include areas like carbon neutrality, marine science, and artificial intelligence, showcasing a proactive approach to meet future workforce needs [29] Group 3: Employment Trends - The cancellation of programs often stems from low enrollment and poor job prospects, with specific guidelines indicating that programs with low employment rates for consecutive years are subject to removal [23][24] - Certain fields, such as education and history, are also facing challenges due to limited job growth, while niche programs struggle with insufficient national demand [25][27] Group 4: Historical Context - The fluctuation of popular and unpopular programs over the decades is closely tied to economic conditions, with past trends showing that fields like accounting and international trade surged during specific economic phases [34][43] - The evolution of program offerings reflects a broader need for educational institutions to remain agile and responsive to changing societal and market needs [44]