非洲：化石燃料仍受补贴--G20可推动资金转向清洁能源

Group 1 - The article discusses the opportunity for South Africa, as the G20 chair, to advocate for issues related to emerging economies, particularly the subsidies provided to private fossil fuel companies [2] - Fossil fuel subsidies are defined as government payments that cover part of the costs of fossil fuel energy production, which can increase revenues for oil, gas, or coal companies or lower consumer prices [2][3] - Countries like South Africa, Ethiopia, and Morocco provide subsidies to fossil fuel companies, which may lead to increased debt, higher taxes, or cuts in public spending, disproportionately affecting low-income households [2] Group 2 - South Africa has set four key priorities for its G20 presidency in 2025: enhancing disaster resilience, reducing debt levels, raising funds for the transition to renewable energy, and establishing a green industry [2] - The article emphasizes the importance of phasing out fossil fuel subsidies, a concept supported by organizations like the IMF, UNEP, and IEA, as well as civil society advocacy groups [3] - Despite a 2009 G20 commitment to gradually eliminate fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption and hinder climate change efforts, progress has been slow due to political resistance and lobbying from the fossil fuel industry [3]