科研机构预算减半，特朗普2026预算提案或史无前例地“抠搜”？

Core Points - The proposed budget cuts by President Trump for the fiscal year 2026 represent unprecedented reductions in federal science funding, which could have immeasurable impacts on American science [1][4][18] - The budget proposal suggests a disproportionate reduction in federal science funding, with significant cuts to key agencies such as NSF, NIH, and EPA [1][7][9][15] Federal Science Funding Cuts - The overall non-defense spending is set to decrease by 23%, with the National Science Foundation (NSF) facing a 56% budget cut, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget reduced by approximately 40%, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) budget cut by 55% [1][7][9][15] - The NSF's budget will drop by about $5 billion compared to 2024, primarily affecting climate science and clean energy projects [7] - NIH's budget is proposed to decrease from $48 billion in 2025 to $27 billion in 2026, marking the most severe cut in its history [9] Impacts on Specific Agencies - The NIH will consolidate its 27 institutes and centers into five new focus areas, eliminating funding for minority health and international research [10] - The CDC's budget is expected to be reduced by one-third, impacting chronic disease prevention programs [11] - NASA's budget will decrease by 24.3% to $18.8 billion, with significant cuts to its science departments and climate monitoring projects [12][13] - The Department of Energy (DoE) will see a nearly $5 billion reduction, particularly affecting climate science and clean energy research [14] - The EPA's budget will drop to $4.2 billion, with major cuts to environmental research and the dissolution of its Office of Research and Development [15] Congressional Response - The final federal budget will be determined by Congress, but there are indications that many members may support Trump's proposals [3][18] - Concerns have been raised by scientific policy experts regarding the long-term implications of these cuts on the future of American science and the message it sends to young scientists [4][18]