全球稀土产业链格局重塑，谁能掌握话语权？

Core Viewpoint - China's new rare earth export control policy, utilizing a "negative list" management approach, aims to reshape the global rare earth supply chain and enhance China's strategic position in the industry [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Impact - The new export control measures target seven categories of medium and heavy rare earth elements, marking a shift from traditional export quota systems [1]. - This policy is seen as both an economic strategy and a form of strategic deterrence, pushing Western countries to reassess their policies towards China [1][2]. Group 2: Industry Development - China currently holds 90% of global rare earth processing capacity but only captures 12% of profits in the high-end permanent magnet materials market, highlighting a significant industry dilemma [2]. - The export restrictions are expected to drive the domestic rare earth industry towards higher value-added sectors, with a reported 65% increase in R&D investment among domestic rare earth permanent magnet material companies [2][3]. - Inner Mongolia's Baotou city is focusing on efficient resource development and has established a complete rare earth industry chain, enhancing the overall value of its rare earth resources [2]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - The establishment of a pricing mechanism by the Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange aims to provide a pricing benchmark for enterprises, facilitating the digital transformation of the industry [3]. - The industry is transitioning from resource competition to technology competition, with expectations that high-purity rare earth material exports will exceed 40% by 2027 [3].