相互加10％，美国人应该重新学会过苦日子

Group 1: Trade Relations and Tariffs - The recent high-level economic talks between China and the U.S. resulted in a consensus to cancel most of the exaggerated tariffs imposed after April 2, retaining only 10% of the new tariffs and suspending an additional 24% [1] - The punitive tariffs imposed by the Trump administration, which reached 145%, have been in effect for nearly a month, marking a temporary conclusion to this phase of the trade war [2] Group 2: Impact on Manufacturing - The trade war has led to unprecedented chaos at the micro level, with widespread order delays and production halts due to tariff uncertainties [3][4] - The challenges of returning manufacturing to the U.S. are significant, with many American factories struggling to adapt to the demands of the manufacturing sector [5] Group 3: Labor Market Dynamics - The U.S. manufacturing workforce has decreased to approximately 12 million, the lowest in history, while China boasts a manufacturing workforce of 120 million [21] - A significant portion of the U.S. labor force, about 75%, is concentrated in the service industry, indicating a shift away from traditional manufacturing roles [22] Group 4: Union Influence - The strong presence of labor unions in the U.S. has historically aimed to improve wages and working conditions, but has also contributed to higher manufacturing costs, making outsourcing an attractive option for companies [23][31] - The legacy of labor unions stems from historical events, such as the 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, which catalyzed labor rights movements and the establishment of unions [25][27] Group 5: Challenges of Re-establishing Manufacturing - The return of manufacturing to the U.S. is primarily seen in sectors like semiconductors, consumer electronics, pharmaceuticals, and electric vehicles, which were strategically planned during the Trump and Biden administrations [46] - Traditional manufacturing sectors, such as textiles, face significant challenges in meeting U.S. labor expectations regarding wages and working conditions, leading to their continued relocation to lower-cost countries [47][48]