美国降低小包裹关税，但红利时代彻底结束了

Core Viewpoint - The recent adjustments in U.S. tariff policies, particularly the reduction of small package tariffs from 120% to 54%, represent a significant shift for cross-border e-commerce platforms like Temu and Shein, although they still face increased operational costs and complexities due to ongoing changes in trade regulations [1][2]. Group 1: Tariff Changes and Impact - On May 13, 2023, President Trump revised an executive order, lowering the tariff rate on small packages from China from 120% to 54%, while maintaining a $100 de minimis threshold for customs duties [1]. - The U.S. Customs and Border Protection reported that approximately 1.36 billion packages entered the U.S. in FY 2024, primarily from Chinese e-commerce platforms, highlighting the importance of the small package exemption for these businesses [2]. - The adjustment in tariffs is seen as a positive development for platforms like Temu and Shein, but it still results in increased costs compared to the previous 0% tariff rate [2]. Group 2: Operational Adjustments of E-commerce Platforms - Temu has shifted its operational model from fully managed services to semi-managed and Y2 models, responding to the changing tariff landscape [3][4]. - The Y2 model allows sellers to ship directly from China without pre-stocking in overseas warehouses, which can help mitigate some tariff costs, but it also increases operational complexity and costs for sellers [4][6]. - The transition to the Y2 model is seen as a way for larger sellers with strong supply chains to adapt to the new environment, although it poses challenges for smaller sellers who may struggle with increased costs and operational demands [6][7]. Group 3: Market Dynamics and Seller Strategies - The changes in tariff policies and operational models have created a challenging environment for sellers, particularly smaller ones, who may find it difficult to maintain profitability under the new conditions [7][8]. - Despite the challenges, there remains a significant market demand in North America, which e-commerce platforms and sellers are reluctant to abandon [8]. - Sellers are encouraged to focus on building their brands and enhancing competitiveness to navigate the risks associated with the evolving regulatory landscape [8].