治好金属“慢性病”，有妙招（唠“科”）

Group 1 - Metals can suffer from "chronic diseases" such as cyclic creep or ratcheting effects, leading to internal structural damage and sudden failure [1] - The internal structure of metals consists of numerous small grains, and repeated stress can cause dislocations to slide, resulting in deformation [1] - Traditional high-strength metals are prone to issues like cyclic softening and strain localization, which can lead to catastrophic failures [2] Group 2 - The health of metals is crucial for technological advancements, especially in high-pressure applications like aerospace engines and nuclear power plants [2] - Two traditional methods to address metal "chronic diseases" include grain refinement to increase strength and introducing dislocation structures to enhance plasticity, but both have limitations [2][3] - A new structural design approach developed by an international research team aims to enhance metal performance by maintaining high strength and plasticity while significantly reducing ratcheting deformation rates [3] Group 3 - The innovative treatment involves a gradient dislocation structure that disperses stress and a self-healing mechanism triggered under cyclic stress, enhancing durability [3] - This technology challenges previous scientific beliefs by achieving a 2.6 times increase in strength while enhancing cyclic creep resistance by up to 100 to 10,000 times compared to similar materials [4] - The potential applications of this technology include extending the lifespan of industrial equipment, such as rocket engine blades and nuclear reactor pressure vessels [4]