什么是降准？（财经科普）

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China announced a 0.5 percentage point reduction in the reserve requirement ratio for financial institutions, effective from May 15, which is expected to provide approximately 1 trillion yuan in long-term liquidity to the market [1] - The reserve requirement ratio indicates the proportion of deposits that financial institutions must hold as reserves with the central bank, impacting their ability to lend [1] - The targeted reserve requirement reduction policy aims to encourage specific financial institutions to increase credit lending to key sectors such as agriculture and small enterprises, thereby supporting their development [1] Group 2 - The reduction in reserve requirements allows banks to have more funds available for loans, which can stimulate production and improve the availability of high-quality goods and services for consumers [2]