美12州起诉特朗普 “解放日” 关税：越权滥用紧急权力

Core Viewpoint - A coalition of 12 states is seeking to halt President Trump's "Day of Liberation" tariffs, arguing that his declaration of a national emergency to impose tariffs on imports is an overreach of power [1][2]. Group 1: Legal Challenges - The lawsuit, filed by Democratic attorneys general from New York, Illinois, Oregon, and nine other states, claims that Trump is attempting to gain a "blank check" to regulate trade at will [1]. - The states argue that Trump's interpretation of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) is flawed, as the law is intended to address "unusual and extraordinary threats" from abroad [1]. - This lawsuit is one of at least seven legal challenges against Trump's tariff policy, with California also filing a separate challenge in federal court [4]. Group 2: Economic Impact - Oregon's Attorney General Dan Rayfield stated that the tariffs are increasing costs for families and small businesses in the state, with ordinary households expected to spend an additional $3,800 annually [2]. - The Department of Justice argues that the states' claims are based on "speculative economic losses" rather than specific damages caused by the tariffs [2]. Group 3: Government Response - The Department of Justice has expressed its intention to vigorously defend Trump's agenda against unfair trade practices in court [3]. - Following the imposition of a 10% tariff on all imports in April, Trump had previously raised tariffs on Mexico and Canada in February, and subsequently suspended many tariffs targeting specific countries [3]. Group 4: Judicial Process - The International Trade Court, which handles disputes related to international trade and customs law, will hear the case, with decisions subject to appeal in the Federal Circuit Court and ultimately the Supreme Court [4].