Sou Hu Cai Jing·2025-05-25 17:20Core Insights - The investment philosophy of Duan Yongping centers on "buying stocks is buying businesses," integrating Buffett's value investing with Eastern wisdom [2] Group 1: Investment Philosophy - The concept of "rough estimation" of intrinsic value is illustrated by Duan's 2001 investment in NetEase at $0.8, based on game cash flow rather than market panic [3] - Long-termism is emphasized with a ten-year perspective, exemplified by holding Apple for over a decade, yielding an 800% return due to insights into ecosystem stickiness [3] - The essence of business model selection involves avoiding low-margin industries like airlines and focusing on companies with strong moats, such as Moutai (90% gross margin) and Tencent (network effects) [3] Group 2: Decision-Making Model - The "Four Questions" framework includes understanding the industry, evaluating the excellence of the business model, assessing management integrity, and determining price rationality [7] - Extreme concentration in investments is noted, with Apple comprising 70% of U.S. stock holdings and Moutai 50% of A-share holdings, as diversification is seen to dilute cognitive advantages [7] Group 3: Risk Management and Emotional Control - The "DNA theory" of corporate culture highlights the importance of integrity in companies like Step Up and user orientation in Apple as key to risk mitigation [8] - A safety margin in valuation is illustrated by heavy investment in Gree when its PE was below 10 times, adhering to the principle of "buying one for five cents" [8] - Reverse positioning is demonstrated by increasing holdings in Tencent when its stock fell below 200 HKD, based on the monetization potential of the WeChat ecosystem [9] - Dynamic error correction is shown by the decision to liquidate airline stocks in 2020 due to the industry's vulnerabilities exposed by the pandemic, reflecting the discipline of "stopping losses is winning" [9] - Emotional management is practiced through maintaining a "calm mind," engaging in daily golf, and distancing from market noise [10] Group 4: Broader Insights and Discipline - The essence of Duan Yongping's teachings, as presented in his Zhejiang University speech, resonates with classical thoughts from texts like "Tao Te Ching" and "Analects," creating a dialogue across time [13] - Key principles include cautious investment akin to "cooking a small fish," maintaining a focus within one's circle of competence, and pursuing genuine value while opposing market bubbles [14] - Cognitive restructuring encourages ordinary investors to transition from "trend chasers" to "value discoverers," while discipline is reinforced by cautious engagement in AI concepts, with Duan only tentatively investing in Nvidia [17] - Mental cultivation involves viewing returns through a ten-year lens to avoid short-term anxiety [17]