母亲因四个孩子接连猝死被判谋杀，20年后百名科学家为她翻案

Group 1 - The case of Kathleen Folbigg highlights the intersection of genetics and the judicial system, where rare genetic mutations played a crucial role in overturning a wrongful conviction for infanticide [18][21][24] - The initial conviction was based on the "Meadow's Law," which suggested that the probability of multiple sudden infant deaths in one family was extremely low, leading to the presumption of foul play [2][4][5] - Advances in genetic testing, particularly whole genome sequencing (WGS) and whole exome sequencing (WES), have revolutionized the ability to identify genetic factors contributing to unexplained deaths, shifting the focus from statistical assumptions to molecular evidence [10][22][23] Group 2 - The identification of the CALM2-G114R mutation in Kathleen and her daughters provided a genetic explanation for the sudden deaths, linking them to a hereditary cardiac arrhythmia [11][15][17] - The case underscores the need for integrating genetic testing into forensic investigations, particularly in cases of sudden unexplained deaths, to avoid misjudgments based on indirect evidence [21][22] - The evolution of forensic genetics, including the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), is transforming the landscape of criminal investigations, allowing for more precise identification of genetic markers associated with diseases [22][23]