农业龙头企业的跨界风险管理实践

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses how Huadong Co., Ltd. has developed a futures hedging system to manage risks in the volatile pig farming industry, providing a replicable risk management model for the sector [2][3][4]. Group 1: Company Overview - Huadong Co., Ltd. is a key national agricultural enterprise established in 2003, listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2017, and has developed a full industry chain model covering feed processing, pig farming, slaughtering, and meat processing [2][3]. - The company is projected to have a pig output of over 2.5 million heads and a slaughtering capacity of 14 million heads annually by 2024 [2]. Group 2: Risk Management Challenges - The pig farming industry faces a "sandwich" dilemma with upstream raw material price fluctuations, midstream inventory management risks, and downstream impacts from pig price volatility [3]. - Huadong's management identified the need for risk management primarily from the downstream side, where price fluctuations can significantly affect sales profits [3]. Group 3: Futures Hedging Strategy - The company established a derivatives trading department to create a "three-in-one" hedging system focusing on pigs, corn, and soybean meal [3][4]. - In 2024, Huadong predicted the pig futures contract price to be around 19 yuan/kg, higher than the November spot market average, and decided to hedge by selling futures contracts at this price [3]. Group 4: Internal Control and Talent Development - Huadong has implemented a comprehensive internal control system for futures trading, including a permissions management mechanism and real-time risk monitoring [6]. - The company has focused on recruiting professionals with experience in futures trading and agricultural knowledge, enhancing its market analysis and risk control capabilities [7]. Group 5: Contribution to Industry Development - Huadong's participation in the futures market has improved supply chain collaboration and customer loyalty, establishing long-term agreements with suppliers and stabilizing product prices [9][10]. - The company believes that engaging in the futures market not only optimizes production costs and cash flow but also enhances financial metrics and investor expectations, contributing to high-quality industry development [10].