拖垮你的，是“沉没成本”

Core Concept - The article discusses the concept of "sunk cost" and its psychological effects on decision-making, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and overcoming these biases to make better choices in life and investments [2][3][11]. Group 1: Understanding Sunk Cost - Sunk cost refers to past expenditures that cannot be recovered, including time, money, and effort [3][4]. - The article illustrates the sunk cost effect through a shoe-buying scenario, where individuals may continue to invest time and energy into a poor decision due to emotional attachment and the desire to avoid loss [6][8]. Group 2: Psychological Factors - The phenomenon of loss aversion explains why individuals struggle to let go of sunk costs, as the pain of losing something is often felt more acutely than the pleasure of gaining something [9][10]. - The article highlights that those who can decisively cut their losses tend to save time and energy, allowing them to focus on more important decisions [11]. Group 3: Recommendations to Overcome Sunk Cost - Emphasizing the value of time is crucial, as time is a finite resource that should be spent wisely to maximize productivity [13][14]. - Recognizing that sunk costs are irretrievable can help individuals avoid unnecessary emotional turmoil and make clearer decisions [17]. - Developing a goal-oriented mindset can prevent individuals from being sidetracked by irrelevant opportunities, ensuring that they stay focused on their primary objectives [18]. - Reducing the frequency of trivial decisions can help conserve mental energy, allowing for better decision-making in more significant matters [20].