货币与政府：如何应对不确定性

Group 1 - The article discusses the limitations of economics as a social science, emphasizing that economic theories cannot be permanently validated or invalidated due to the changing nature of human behavior and societal ideas [2][3] - Keynesian economics, which emerged during the Great Depression, highlighted the role of government in stabilizing the economy and addressing issues like insufficient effective demand and unemployment [3][4] - The rise of neoliberalism in the 1970s challenged Keynesian principles, attributing economic stagnation to government intervention rather than market failure, yet Keynesian policies remain relevant during economic crises [4][8] Group 2 - The concept of uncertainty is central to Keynes's theory, influencing his views on money and government as tools to manage economic unpredictability [5][6] - Keynesian policies are particularly effective in addressing liquidity preference traps, where individuals hoard cash during economic downturns, leading to insufficient demand [6][7] - Despite the decline of Keynesianism in the 1970s due to its inability to address stagflation, the theory's focus on short-term stabilization remains significant in guiding macroeconomic policy during crises [8][9]