继关税反制后，中国又亮出第二张王牌，美国这次真的慌了

Core Points - The U.S. government signed an executive order named "reciprocal tariffs" to strengthen its voice in international trade and reduce the growing trade deficit [1] - The reciprocal tariff policy includes imposing tariffs on countries that impose tariffs on U.S. goods, affecting economies like the EU, China, and Japan [1] - In Southeast Asia, countries like Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar have significantly higher tariff rates compared to the EU and Japan [1] Tariff Rates Summary - The initial reciprocal tariff rate for China was set at 34%, later increased to 84% and then 125% [3] - China responded by raising tariffs on U.S. imports, with soybean tariffs increasing from 10% to 44% [3] - The price increase of consumer goods in the U.S. ranged from 10% to 20%, impacting low- and middle-income families significantly [3] Tariff Rate Table - The table lists various countries and their corresponding reciprocal tariff rates, with notable rates including: - Vietnam: 46% - Laos: 48% - Japan: 24% - EU: 20% [4] Rare Earth Elements Overview - China controls a significant portion of the global rare earth market, holding 36% of the total reserves [7] - The U.S. relies heavily on imports for rare earth elements, with over 90% of its needs met through imports, primarily from China [7] - Rare earth elements are crucial for military and high-tech applications, with 35% of U.S. rare earth usage allocated to military purposes [8] China's Dominance in Rare Earths - China possesses 88% of the global heavy and medium rare earth resources, which are vital for high-tech applications [11] - The U.S. faces challenges in rare earth refining technology, with costs significantly higher than those in China [11] - China's control over rare earth separation patents and refining capacity gives it a strategic advantage over the U.S. [11] Global Rare Earth Production - In 2024, global rare earth production reached 390,000 tons, with China contributing 69.23% of this output [13] - If China imposes restrictions on rare earth exports, the U.S. supply chain, particularly in the renewable energy and military sectors, would face severe disruptions [13]