煤制天然气：原理、产业链、政策及2025产能情况

Core Viewpoint - The coal-to-natural gas industry in China is gradually enhancing its capacity and is being driven by policies aimed at promoting a green transition [1] Industry Overview - Coal-to-natural gas involves converting coal into synthetic gas through gasification technology, followed by a methanation reaction to produce synthetic natural gas primarily composed of methane [1] - The gasification process can be categorized into two methods: two-step gasification followed by methanation, and one-step gasification and methanation, with the latter improving production efficiency by reducing intermediate steps [1] - Direct synthesis technologies include catalytic gasification and hydrogen gasification, with hydrogen gasification offering advantages such as shorter flow paths, lower energy consumption, and reduced carbon emissions [1] Industry Structure - The coal-to-natural gas industry can be divided into three main segments: upstream resource support, midstream conversion manufacturing, and downstream market consumption, forming a complete energy conversion and utilization chain [1] Policy Environment - China's policy towards the coal-to-natural gas industry is characterized by "prudent support and regulated development," with specific policies introduced in the past two years to guide scientific and orderly industry development while strengthening environmental constraints and technological innovation requirements [1] Current Status and Future Outlook - As of May 2025, four projects have been put into operation in China, with two in Xinjiang having a total annual production capacity of 3.375 billion cubic meters and two in Inner Mongolia with a total capacity of 4.08 billion cubic meters [1] - The industry is currently in the stages of technological validation and process optimization, with expectations for capacity to be systematically increased and cost-effectiveness advantages to emerge under the impetus of the "dual carbon" goals [1] - Policies are expected to balance energy security with the demands of green transition, enhancing industry resilience through technological innovation and scaled development, while also playing a strategic role in seasonal peak regulation [1]