心智观察所：14年的博弈，中国造船是如何取代韩国霸主地位的

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights China's dominance in the global shipbuilding industry, achieving a 74.7% share of new ship orders in 2024, effectively ending South Korea's 20-year reign as the leader in this sector [1][4]. Group 1: Historical Context - The shipbuilding industry has historically seen shifts in dominance among major nations, with the UK, Japan, and South Korea each holding the crown at different times [1][3]. - In 2000, South Korea surpassed Japan with a 40% market share, while China held only 4% at that time [3]. Group 2: Recent Developments - By 2024, China led in three key metrics: completion volume (55.1%), order backlog (61.4%), and new orders (74.7%), while South Korea's shares were significantly lower at 25.6%, 24.1%, and 17% respectively [4]. - China's new orders reached 87.11 million deadweight tons (DWT), a 51.7% year-on-year increase, while South Korea's new orders were only 10.98 million compensated gross tons (CGT) [4]. Group 3: Competitive Advantages - China's shipbuilding success is attributed to its scale, technology, and integrated supply chain, allowing for greater efficiency compared to South Korea's fragmented approach [6][7]. - The China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC) has consolidated its shipyards to create a closed-loop system from design to construction, enhancing operational efficiency [6]. Group 4: Technological Advancements - China has made significant strides in high-end ship types, including LNG carriers, where it captured 48% of the global orders in 2024, closely trailing South Korea's 50% [8]. - The successful delivery of China's first self-developed large cruise ship, "Aida Magic City," demonstrates a shift from low-end manufacturing to high-end intelligent manufacturing [8]. Group 5: Green Technology Leadership - China leads in green shipbuilding, with green vessel orders rising from 8.2% in 2016 to 41% in 2024, capturing over 70% of global green ship orders [8][9]. - Innovations include the world's first LNG-powered ultra-large crude carrier and the largest dual-fuel powered car carrier, showcasing China's advancements in green technology [9][11].