德国陆续归还部分国家流失文物

Group 1 - The Italian government and the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation signed an agreement for the return of valuable artifacts dating back to the 4th century BC, including vases, decorative plates, and fragments of frescoes from ancient Roman villas [1] - A recent batch of returned artifacts includes 25 items from the Berlin Old Museum, which are believed to have been illegally excavated and have now been returned to Italy [1] - German Culture State Minister Claudia Roth emphasized that the protection of cultural heritage is crucial for safeguarding artifacts that form identity from looting, theft, smuggling, and illegal trade, marking this return as a successful example of cultural property protection in Germany and Europe [1] Group 2 - In 2022, Germany signed an agreement with Nigeria to return 1,130 bronze artifacts from the Benin Kingdom, with the first 20 items already returned, including brass sculptures and bronze swords [2] - The return of Benin bronzes is seen as a milestone in addressing colonial injustices in museum collections, with some selected items being loaned for long-term display in Berlin [2] - In 2023, Germany returned 75 artifacts to Mexico, including Olmec cultural statues dating back to approximately 1200-600 BC, highlighting the collaborative effort to protect Mexico's cultural heritage [2]