全球媒体聚焦｜想让制造业回流，美国有能力吗？

Core Viewpoint - The article from The New York Times strongly questions the effectiveness of the U.S. government's strategy to bring manufacturing jobs back to America through tariffs, highlighting significant challenges in the manufacturing ecosystem [1]. Group 1: Manufacturing Challenges - Bringing manufacturing back to the U.S. may take years or even decades due to a lack of essential elements such as workers, training, technology, and government support [2]. - A U.S. jeans company employs about 250 workers in Los Angeles, producing 70,000 pairs of jeans monthly, while a larger factory in Southeast Asia employs thousands and produces 500,000 pairs monthly [2]. Group 2: Economic Pressures - High tariffs imposed by the Trump administration have created immense pressure on companies, forcing them to consider how much more they can produce domestically [3]. - The U.S. lacks large-scale factories and key suppliers for zippers and buttons, leading to high operational costs and a shortage of available labor [3]. Group 3: Investment and Long-term Viability - Shifting production back to the U.S. requires substantial investment; for instance, the jeans company has invested approximately $150 million in Southeast Asia, with a long payback period of at least seven years [6]. - If the Trump administration maintains high tariffs and companies cannot alleviate financial burdens, they may need to seek alternative markets for products manufactured in Southeast Asia [6].