互联网世界的隐形导航员：DNS 系统详解

Core Insights - The Domain Name System (DNS) is a crucial navigation system that translates human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses, facilitating internet connectivity [3][8] - DNS operates through a hierarchical structure, involving multiple levels of servers to ensure efficient and reliable domain resolution, even in the event of server failures [3][5] - Modern DNS has evolved to include various record types to meet diverse needs, such as A records for IPv4 addresses and MX records for email routing, allowing precise control over network services [5][6] Industry Developments - As cybersecurity threats increase, DNS is continuously evolving with technologies like DNSSEC to prevent domain hijacking and protocols like DoH and DoT to enhance privacy through encryption [6] - Major DNS service providers, such as Cloudflare and Google, are implementing privacy protection features, promising not to log user queries, reflecting a growing emphasis on user privacy in the digital economy [6][8] - In the digital economy, domain names have become vital identifiers for businesses, with country code top-level domains (ccTLDs) symbolizing national sovereignty in cyberspace [8]