美国，恨铁不成钢

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. has doubled the tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from 25% to 50%, facing strong opposition from multiple countries, including Canada and Mexico, who have threatened retaliatory measures [1][3][4]. Group 1: Tariff Increase and Reactions - The U.S. government has raised tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from all trade partners except the UK, leading to immediate backlash from Canada, which labeled the move as "illegal and unreasonable" [1][3]. - Mexico's president criticized the tariffs as "unfair" and warned of potential measures if no agreement is reached with the U.S. [3][4]. - The European Commission is also prepared to respond if necessary [3]. Group 2: Motivations Behind the Tariff Increase - The tariff increase is part of the Trump administration's ongoing strategy to bring manufacturing back to the U.S. and protect domestic steel industries [4][5]. - The administration aims to reduce reliance on foreign steel and aluminum, which are crucial for military and technology manufacturing [5][6]. - The tariffs are seen as a political move to secure votes in the "Rust Belt" during the upcoming elections, appealing to constituents concerned about manufacturing jobs [4][6]. Group 3: Economic Implications - The U.S. manufacturing sector is showing signs of contraction, with the PMI at 48.5%, indicating a third consecutive month of decline, attributed to uncertainties from tariff policies [8]. - The tariffs are expected to raise costs for American consumers, particularly affecting industries reliant on imported raw materials, such as can manufacturers [8][9]. - Economic reports highlight a general pessimism regarding the impact of tariffs on the U.S. economy, with concerns about price increases affecting various goods [8][9].