地磁暴不是真的“爆”（唠“科”）

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the phenomenon of geomagnetic storms caused by solar activity, explaining their nature, effects, and prediction methods. Group 1: Understanding Geomagnetic Storms - Geomagnetic storms occur when high-energy particles from the sun impact the Earth's magnetic field, causing rapid changes without explosive effects [1] - These storms do not directly affect human health as the changes in the magnetic field are minimal compared to household magnets [1] Group 2: Effects of Geomagnetic Storms - Geomagnetic storms can alter the state, movement, and distribution of gas particles in the Earth's upper atmosphere, affecting the ionosphere and thermosphere, which in turn impacts satellite operations, communication, and navigation systems [2] - They can also produce beautiful auroras, as seen during a geomagnetic storm in early June that resulted in aurora displays across multiple regions in China [2] Group 3: Prediction of Geomagnetic Storms - The prediction of geomagnetic storms relies on monitoring solar activity through a network of satellites and ground-based telescopes [3] - Following a significant solar flare, the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center was able to track the event and predict the potential for geomagnetic storms based on the intensity and location of the solar activity [3] - Accurate forecasting involves understanding the speed, magnetic field, density, and temperature of solar material, as well as simulating its journey through the 150 million kilometers of interplanetary space to Earth [3] Group 4: Advancements in Monitoring - The launch of satellites such as Fengyun, Xihe, and Kuafu has enabled China to achieve autonomous solar observation data, significantly enhancing the ability to predict space weather events like geomagnetic storms [4] - Astronomers and photography enthusiasts are particularly interested in aurora forecasts, which require additional considerations of geographical and weather conditions for optimal viewing [4]