网络治理||李文冰：强化网络公共领域治理

Core Viewpoint - The rise of internet platforms has transformed them into essential public infrastructure, shifting some public authority from governments to these platforms, which have become new centers of network power. The need for effective regulation and governance of platform economies is emphasized, highlighting the importance of state involvement in restoring the public nature of the online public sphere [1][3][8]. Group 1: Platform Power and Governance - The public nature of cyberspace and the private nature of internet platform companies are foundational to discussions on global governance in the digital realm. The control of information infrastructure by various ownership entities, particularly private ones, is crucial in understanding the dynamics of internet governance [2][3]. - The rapid development of platform economies is disrupting traditional governance structures, leading to a reorganization of network power. Platforms are not only influencing social knowledge and production structures but also financial and security frameworks [3][4]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Power Restructuring - In the digital age, platforms have emerged as new forms of resource allocation and organization, significantly enhancing their ability to integrate various industries and become super platforms. The shift from traditional media to platform-driven information dissemination reflects a change in power dynamics, where information now dictates power distribution [4][5]. - Platforms are central to the digital ecosystem, controlling social infrastructure and mediating between different groups, effectively taking on roles traditionally held by governments. This shift indicates a privatization of public authority, where platforms act as "private governments" [5][6]. Group 3: Alienation of Publicness - The rise of platform power has led to a structural transformation of the public sphere, characterized by a diverse array of network actors and blurred lines between private discourse and public affairs. This transformation has resulted in a more fragmented and uncertain public opinion environment [6][7]. - The commercialization of platform media has shifted the value preferences and discourse forms in public spaces, diminishing the traditional media's role in guiding public values and leading to a market-oriented shift in publicness [7][8]. Group 4: National Governance of the Public Sphere - There is a growing trend of integrating Western and Eastern thoughts in internet governance, emphasizing fairness and justice as foundational principles. Governments need to establish mechanisms to balance the power of internet platforms and ensure they fulfill their social responsibilities [8][9]. - Key strategies for effective governance include promoting mainstream media ecosystem reforms, enhancing legal frameworks for public governance, and ensuring platforms take responsibility for self-management under regular state oversight [9].