漫展内卷，卖掉热爱

Core Insights - The commercial anime and manga exhibition market in non-first-tier cities is facing challenges such as rising costs, increased competition, and a singular profit model, leading to unstable revenue streams [2][29] - Ticket sales are the primary revenue source for most exhibitions, accounting for up to 90% of total income in many non-first-tier cities, making ticket sales critical for survival [4][29] - The rising costs of inviting guests, which have increased significantly post-pandemic, are straining the profitability of exhibitions, with guest fees rising four to five times compared to pre-pandemic levels [16][19] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The number of exhibitions has doubled in some areas, but the audience growth has only increased by 1.2 times, leading to decreased average attendance per event [5][19] - The lowering of entry barriers has resulted in an oversupply of smaller exhibitions, which compete for the same audience, further diluting attendance [7][19] - Major exhibitions like Bilibili World and ComicUp can secure significant sponsorship and ticket sales, while smaller events struggle to attract similar levels of interest and revenue [4][19] Group 2: Cost Structure - The cost structure of a commercial exhibition typically allocates 40% to venue and guest fees each, with the remaining 20% covering miscellaneous expenses and team salaries [10][19] - Venue operators benefit significantly from the exhibition business, often having little negotiation power over rental costs, which can further squeeze the margins of exhibition organizers [20][29] - Ticketing platforms also profit from the exhibitions, taking a commission from ticket sales, which adds to the overall cost burden on organizers [23][29] Group 3: Audience and Consumer Behavior - The primary audience for exhibitions has shifted to younger demographics, particularly middle and high school students, who have limited disposable income and are sensitive to ticket prices [8][29] - The evolution of audience preferences has led to a decline in the novelty of exhibitions, as frequent events and similar content contribute to audience fatigue [5][29] - The reliance on guest interactions, such as signings, has become a new revenue stream, but the effectiveness of this model varies and can lead to uncertain financial outcomes [17][29] Group 4: Regulatory Environment - The pandemic has led to stricter regulations for large gatherings, impacting the ability of organizers to host events and increasing compliance costs [26][28] - Government support for the anime and manga industry has not translated into tangible benefits for smaller exhibition organizers, who often face challenges in accessing subsidies [25][29] - The balance between promoting local cultural events and ensuring safety and compliance has created a complex environment for exhibition organizers [26][29]