资本缓冲下调1.5%，美国监管机构计划放宽资本规则，促进国债交易

Group 1 - The U.S. banking regulators are preparing to adjust the Enhanced Supplementary Leverage Ratio (eSLR) for the largest banks, potentially lowering capital requirements from 5% to a range of 3.5%-4.5% [1][2] - The proposed changes are similar to the adjustments sought by the Trump administration in 2018, aimed at tailoring eSLR calculations for globally systemically important banks [1] - Some experts express skepticism about the effectiveness of this policy, raising concerns that it may exacerbate systemic risks rather than effectively address issues in the Treasury market [1][3] Group 2 - The proposal focuses on changing the overall ratio rather than excluding specific assets like Treasuries, which some observers had anticipated [2] - Federal Reserve officials, including Jerome Powell, have expressed long-standing concerns about the liquidity levels in the Treasury market [2] - Adjusting the eSLR could potentially lower Treasury yields by several basis points, according to estimates from Treasury Secretary Yellen [3] Group 3 - The banking industry has protested that the current SLR rules require large lending institutions to hold capital against their Treasury investments, limiting their ability to increase these holdings during market volatility [3] - Historical context shows that when Treasuries were temporarily excluded from leverage ratios during the COVID crisis, most banks opted not to utilize this exclusion due to restrictions on dividend payments and stock buybacks [3] - Experts suggest that more targeted solutions are needed to address Treasury market issues, indicating that the proposed deregulation may weaken the financial system [3]