鲍威尔国会山论战：顶住降息呼声，直面中东风暴与政治博弈

Group 1 - Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell will testify before Congress, defending the "wait-and-see" approach to interest rates amid geopolitical tensions and pressure from President Trump for rate cuts [1][2] - President Trump criticized Powell's decision not to cut rates, calling it "stupid" and claiming that high rates cost the U.S. thousands of billions annually, while Europe has already implemented multiple rate cuts [1][2] - The Federal Reserve maintained the federal funds rate target range at 4.25%-4.5%, acknowledging steady economic expansion and low unemployment, while slightly adjusting its description of the unemployment rate [2] Group 2 - Powell's regulatory stance is under scrutiny, with proposals to eliminate the "supplementary leverage ratio," which could weaken banks' risk resilience but is seen by the Trump administration as an economic stimulus tool [3] - A controversial proposal by Senator Ted Cruz to prohibit the Fed from paying interest on bank reserves could save the federal government approximately $1.1 trillion over ten years, but economists warn it may destabilize the financial system [3] - The upcoming testimony is viewed as a critical test of the Federal Reserve's independence and policy wisdom, with potential impacts on global markets, including the dollar, U.S. Treasury yields, and gold prices [3]