2025年5月银行间外汇市场运行报告

Group 1 - The interbank foreign exchange market showed stable trading, with the average daily trading volume of the RMB foreign exchange market increasing by 12.59% year-on-year to $1580.99 billion in May, despite a 2.73% month-on-month decline [2] - The US dollar index experienced a slight depreciation, closing at 99.44 at the end of the month, reflecting a 0.2% decline for the month, influenced by weakening US inflation and trade policy uncertainties [3][4] - The People's Bank of China implemented a reserve requirement ratio cut and interest rate reduction, contributing to a strengthening of the RMB against the USD, with the RMB closing at 7.1953, appreciating by 0.94% for the month [4] Group 2 - The offshore and onshore RMB exchange rates began to converge, with the average daily onshore-offshore exchange rate difference being positive at 22 basis points, indicating a market expectation of RMB appreciation [5] - The implied volatility of RMB foreign exchange options showed a decline, with the average daily trading volume reaching $77.99 billion, indicating a stabilization of market sentiment [6] - The interest rate differential between China and the US widened slightly, with the 10-year US Treasury yield reaching a three-month high of 4.58% before retreating to 4.41% by month-end [7] Group 3 - The overall liquidity of the US dollar market remained loose, with the overnight interest rate in the domestic market declining to 4.30%, while the SOFR fluctuated around 4.35% towards the end of the month [8][9] - The domestic and foreign dollar overnight interest rate differential turned negative by month-end, reflecting a shift in market dynamics [9]