欧盟设置30天期限，要中国必须交出稀土，中方用一道命令给出回应

Core Viewpoint - The EU's pressure on China regarding rare earth supplies is seen as a political maneuver rather than a genuine concern for European businesses, aiming to force China into concessions on export restrictions [1][7][9] Group 1: EU's Pressure Tactics - The EU issued a "last ultimatum" to China, demanding a resolution to rare earth supply issues within 30 days, indicating a push for China to compromise [1][3] - EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen highlighted the dominance of China in the global rare earth supply chain during the G7 summit, suggesting a need for a united front against Eastern challenges [3][7] - The EU's timing in raising the rare earth issue coincides with high-level visits, suggesting a strategy of diplomatic pressure rather than genuine concern for supply chain stability [7][9] Group 2: China's Strategic Response - In response to EU pressure, China issued a directive requiring all rare earth-related research institutions and key enterprises to report expert lists and restrict their travel, effectively sealing off technology leaks [5][15] - This directive is viewed as a strategic countermeasure to prevent the outflow of critical rare earth technologies, emphasizing the importance of maintaining control over the entire supply chain [11][15] - China's approach signals a tightening of export controls, particularly in light of upcoming regulations that may limit exports to specific military applications, which could impact European industries [7][9] Group 3: India's Role and Challenges - India has launched a "National Critical Minerals Plan" to develop its own rare earth supply chain, aiming to compete with China in the global market [5][11] - Despite having significant rare earth reserves, India's ability to establish a competitive supply chain is hindered by a lack of infrastructure and technology, making it unlikely to challenge China's dominance in the near term [11][13] - The complexities of the rare earth industry, including environmental concerns and high technical barriers, further complicate India's ambitions to become a major player [13][15]