重大！社保养老免税，个人养老领钱竟缴3%税！

Core Viewpoint - The new policy from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (HRSS) in 2024, which imposes a 3% personal income tax on withdrawals from individual pensions, has sparked significant public debate, highlighting the stark differences between social security pensions and individual pensions in China's retirement system [1][2]. Group 1: Individual Pensions - Individual pensions, introduced in 2021, allow for a maximum pre-tax contribution of 12,000 yuan per year, but withdrawals are subject to a 3% income tax, leading to public dissatisfaction and concerns about the financial burden on low-income individuals [1][2]. - The market-driven nature of individual pensions introduces substantial uncertainty in investment returns, contrasting sharply with the stability of social security pensions [1][2]. - The negative public sentiment surrounding the 3% tax rate has led to perceptions of individual pensions as a "hidden harvesting machine" [1]. Group 2: Social Security Pensions - Social security pensions, established in 1991 for enterprise employees and 2014 for civil servants and residents, are exempt from personal income tax, providing a reliable safety net for citizens [2]. - The government is expected to expand tax exemptions to include disability allowances by 2025, further enhancing public confidence in the social security system [2]. - The fundamental difference between social security pensions and individual pensions lies in the former being a low-risk, stable government-backed safety net, while the latter is a market-based supplementary mechanism with inherent risks [2]. Group 3: Policy Implications - The HRSS's new policy raises concerns about social equity and the adequacy of retirement security, as the individual pension system may disproportionately benefit higher-income individuals while leaving lower-income groups at a disadvantage [3]. - There is a call for the HRSS to listen to public feedback and consider policy adjustments, such as lowering the tax rate and expanding the tax-exempt coverage, to ensure that the pension system benefits all citizens [3]. - The current pension policy should not become a mere numerical exercise but should genuinely address the needs of the populace, providing warmth and security in retirement [3].