美国5月JOLTS职位空缺大幅好于预期，自主离职人数上升

Group 1 - The JOLTS report indicates that the U.S. labor market remains stable despite economic uncertainties, with job openings unexpectedly rising to 7.769 million in May, surpassing expectations of 7.3 million and the previous month's figure of 7.391 million [1][3] - Job openings have shown volatility, with significant fluctuations of up to 500,000 per month, but have generally stabilized between 7 million and 8 million over the past year [3] - The increase in job openings in May was primarily driven by the leisure and hospitality sector, which accounted for three-quarters of the total openings, while other sectors showed mixed results [3] Group 2 - The number of layoffs decreased to 188,000 in May, with a layoff rate of 1%, indicating a relatively stable labor market [5] - Hiring numbers slightly declined from a peak of 5.615 million to 5.503 million, with the largest decreases observed in healthcare and manufacturing sectors [5] - The number of voluntary resignations increased from 3.215 million to 3.293 million, suggesting a tighter labor market as workers feel confident to seek better opportunities [5] Group 3 - The ratio of job openings to unemployed individuals rose to 1.1, aligning with pre-pandemic levels, marking the first increase in this metric in several months [3] - Economists are closely monitoring the upcoming June non-farm payroll report for signs of labor market slowdown, with expectations of slower job growth and a rising unemployment rate [7] - The JOLTS report is considered a key labor market indicator by policymakers, although some economists question its reliability due to a low response rate in the survey [7]