学者：稳定币强化了美元主导地位，但又存在稳定性的悖论

Core Insights - The rise of stablecoins represents a significant challenge to the existing monetary system and highlights the need for the issuance of RMB-pegged stablecoins to promote the internationalization of the RMB [1][3] - Stablecoins have seen a dramatic increase in transaction volume, surpassing traditional payment giants like Visa and Mastercard, indicating their growing influence in global financial infrastructure [1][9] - The development of stablecoins poses various challenges, including the potential erosion of monetary sovereignty and the effectiveness of monetary policy, particularly in countries that have not fully digitized their financial systems [2][19] Group 1: Current Status and Trends of Stablecoins - As of June 2025, the total market capitalization of mainstream stablecoins reached $262.5 billion, a 40-fold increase since 2020 [2][9] - In 2024, the annual on-chain transaction volume of stablecoins reached $27.6 trillion, exceeding the combined transaction volume of Visa and Mastercard [1][9] - Stablecoins are becoming integral to the Web3 infrastructure, serving as a bridge between decentralized finance (DeFi) and traditional financial systems [9][10] Group 2: Challenges Posed by Stablecoins - Stablecoins create a "private central bank" system that undermines state control over monetary policy and economic regulation [2][16] - They may bypass existing payment systems like SWIFT and CIPS, leading to a parallel P2P clearing network that could threaten national financial stability [2][17] - The rise of stablecoins could weaken the effectiveness of monetary policy, especially in countries with less developed digital financial systems [2][19] Group 3: Implications for RMB Internationalization - Stablecoins have begun to occupy cross-border payment spaces, particularly in regions like Southeast Asia and Africa, which may hinder the expansion of the RMB as a payment or reserve currency [22] - The digital RMB ecosystem is still underdeveloped, limiting its competitiveness in the digital economy [23] - The network effects of established stablecoins like USDT and USDC create barriers for the international penetration of RMB digital products [24] Group 4: Strategic Recommendations for RMB Internationalization - The issuance of RMB-pegged stablecoins should be encouraged in offshore markets like Hong Kong and Singapore to enhance their usability in various digital trade scenarios [27] - A cross-border institutional framework for the digital RMB should be established to improve compliance and efficiency in international financial activities [28] - Active participation in the global stablecoin regulatory framework is essential to enhance the RMB's influence in the international stablecoin market [30][31]