保护文化遗产 弘扬工匠精神（工匠绝活·特别策划）

Group 1: Metal Artifact Restoration - The Vice Chairman of the China Cultural Relics Protection Technology Association, Wei Quan, emphasizes that different manufacturing processes and burial environments can lead to various diseases in metal artifacts, necessitating a study of the root causes and mechanisms of these diseases during restoration [2] - The focus of restoration is to enhance the overall stability of the artifacts and further restore their artistic value [2] Group 2: Archaeological Excavation - The Vice President of the Sichuan Archaeological Society, Sun Zhibin, explains that archaeological excavation consists of exploration and excavation, requiring workers to comprehensively assess terrain and landforms to accurately determine probe locations [4] - During excavation, factors such as soil type, color, and inclusions must be considered to classify accumulation units, excavating from top to bottom and from later to earlier layers [4] Group 3: Ceramic Artifact Restoration - Wei Quan notes that ceramic artifacts are prone to breakage, and many unearthed ceramic items require restoration due to various diseases caused by long-term burial [9] - A thorough investigation of the causes of these diseases is essential to develop a reasonable restoration plan and complete the restoration process [9] Group 4: Wooden Artifact Restoration - Zhang Lifang, an expert from the National Cultural Heritage Administration, states that wooden artifact restoration traditionally divides into large and small wooden works, with large works focusing on structural systems and small works on decorative components [10] - Restoration personnel must have a comprehensive understanding of the artifact's overall structure while also being skilled in detailed craftsmanship [10] Group 5: Paper and Painting Restoration - Wei Quan indicates that paper and painting artifacts are organic and face comprehensive diseases such as moisture, mold, and insect damage [13] - Understanding the material and manufacturing process of the paper is crucial, along with assessing the occurrence and extent of diseases to formulate appropriate restoration and protection plans [13] Group 6: Mud and Tile Restoration - Zhang Lifang explains that mud and tile restoration requires an understanding of architectural structure characteristics and identifying areas that need reinforcement [16] - Due to significant strength differences in brick and stone materials based on age and location, restoration methods and materials must be matched to the actual damage conditions of the artifacts [16] Group 7: National Skills Competition - The second National Cultural Heritage Industry Skills Competition was held in Luzhou, Sichuan, from July 3 to 6, 2025, organized by the National Cultural Heritage Administration, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions [19] - The competition featured six events, including metal, ceramic, paper and painting, wooden, and mud and tile restoration, as well as archaeological excavation, with nearly 300 participants aged between 19 and 59 [19] - The competition aimed to promote the theme of "Protecting Cultural Heritage and Promoting Craftsmanship," highlighting the dedication of cultural relic restoration workers who strive to restore damaged artifacts and revive their historical and cultural significance [19]