田园生化IPO：屋漏偏逢连夜雨，“带病闯关”能否成功突围？

Core Viewpoint - The pesticide industry, crucial for food security, is under scrutiny as Tianyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. initiates its IPO process amidst a challenging market environment marked by stagnant revenue growth and high reliance on distributors [1][3]. Financial Performance - Tianyuan Biochemical's revenue from 2022 to 2024 shows minimal growth, with figures of 1.71 billion, 1.77 billion, and 1.75 billion yuan respectively, while net profits increased from 161.63 million to 248.55 million yuan [3][4]. - The company's total assets grew from 1.35 billion yuan in 2022 to 1.62 billion yuan in 2024, with a notable decrease in asset-liability ratio from 63.18% to 44.59% [4]. - The sales revenue from distributors accounted for over 96% of total revenue during the same period, indicating a heavy dependence on this sales model [4][5]. Market Dynamics - The pesticide market is characterized by intense competition and product homogenization, leading to declining sales prices, particularly for herbicides, which fell by 18.26% from 2023 to 2024 [6][7]. - The average gross margin of Tianyuan Biochemical is lower than that of comparable companies, with a gross margin of 36.07% in 2024 compared to an industry average of 36.22% [8]. R&D and Innovation - The company has consistently invested less in R&D compared to industry peers, with R&D expense ratios of 2.53%, 2.71%, and 4.24% from 2022 to 2024, which is below the industry average [9][10]. - There is a significant gap between R&D expenses and sales expenses, with R&D costs amounting to 74.26 million yuan in 2024 compared to over 226 million yuan in sales expenses [10][11]. Regulatory and Legal Issues - Tianyuan Biochemical has faced legal challenges and administrative penalties, including fines for selling unregistered pesticide products, which raises concerns about internal governance and compliance [13][14]. - The company has unresolved property rights issues, with 11,432.79 square meters of real estate lacking proper documentation, posing risks of administrative penalties [14][15]. Investor Sentiment - Recent cash dividends totaling 221 million yuan have raised concerns among investors about the company's financial management, particularly in light of its IPO fundraising of approximately 630 million yuan [16].