在田埂上读懂中国：当代农民的出路在何方

Core Insights - The research conducted by Northwest A&F University focuses on rural revitalization, grassroots governance, and the development of new rural collective economies, aiming to present the current state of rural areas and explore effective governance paths [1][4][14] Group 1: Research Methodology - The research includes field surveys and return observations from 2022 to 2024, gathering extensive primary data [1][6] - A total of 84 villages across 9 provinces were surveyed, with 840 in-depth questionnaires and numerous interviews conducted with government officials, village leaders, and residents [3][6] Group 2: Current Rural Issues - The transformation of rural areas is marked by significant changes in social structure and the disintegration of traditional village life due to large-scale population outflow and modern influences [5][6] - There is a notable shift in the social connections among villagers, moving from close-knit relationships to more distant and rational interactions, complicating expectations for a better life [5][6] Group 3: Governance and Policy Insights - The study highlights improvements in the political ecology of townships post-leadership changes, with better stability and effective policy implementation, but also notes emerging issues such as power centralization and fatigue among local officials [10] - The research emphasizes the need for a balance between market capital interests and local social benefits in agricultural transformation to align with rural development needs [10] Group 4: Education and Social Practices - The impact of the "double reduction" policy on rural education is examined, revealing unintended consequences such as increased pressure on parents due to online homework tasks [11] - The study also investigates various social practices in rural areas, including marriage customs and children's education, reflecting the complexities of rural life [12]