美股稀土股盘前集体大涨，稀土磁铁生产商MP Materials获得五角大楼投资，扩产建厂

Group 1 - The U.S. Department of Defense will become the largest shareholder of MP Materials by purchasing $400 million in preferred stock to support the company's expansion of rare earth processing and magnet production capacity [1][4] - MP Materials operates the only active rare earth mine in the U.S. and plans to build a second magnet manufacturing plant, expected to be operational by 2028 with an annual capacity of 10,000 tons of rare earth magnets [1][3] - The collaboration includes a ten-year price guarantee and product procurement commitment from the Department of Defense to ensure a stable supply of rare earth magnets [1][4] Group 2 - The new plant, named "10X," will enhance domestic production capacity and serve both defense and commercial customers, with rare earth magnets being critical for electric vehicles, wind turbines, and military electronics [3] - The Department of Defense will purchase newly issued convertible preferred stock from MP Materials, which will account for approximately 15% of the company's total equity as of July 9 [4] - The Department of Defense has set a price floor of $110 per kilogram for MP Materials' NdPr products, which are essential for manufacturing permanent magnets, ensuring procurement of 100% of the plant's output for ten years [4]