中国三分之二的省，正在面临集体失血

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant demographic shifts in China, highlighting a decline in the population growth rate and a notable outflow of residents from many provinces, particularly in the context of urbanization and economic opportunities. Group 1: Population Trends - In 2021, China's total population peaked at 1.4126 billion, but in 2022, the number of deaths exceeded births for the first time, marking a shift from positive to negative natural population growth [1] - By 2024, 20 out of 31 provincial-level regions in China experienced a decrease in their resident population compared to the previous year, with only 8 regions showing growth [2] Group 2: Population Changes by Region - Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Fujian were the top three provinces for population growth, with Guangdong increasing by 740,000, Zhejiang by 430,000, and Fujian by 100,000 [3] - Conversely, Shandong saw the largest decline, losing 430,000 residents, followed by Henan and Hunan, each losing approximately 300,000 [4][5] Group 3: Long-term Population Dynamics - From 2000 to 2010, only five provinces saw a decrease in resident population, while the trend of population decline in the Northeast became pronounced in the 2010s, with over 11.3 million residents lost [5][6] - By 2024, the number of provinces experiencing population decline had increased to 19, indicating a broader trend of demographic challenges across the country [8] Group 4: Urbanization and Migration Patterns - In economically vibrant provinces like Zhejiang, population growth was observed across all 11 prefecture-level cities, with Hangzhou adding 659,000 residents from 2020 to 2024 [10] - In contrast, in Hunan, only the capital city of Changsha saw population growth, while the other 13 cities experienced declines [14] Group 5: Economic Factors Influencing Population Movement - The automotive industry has played a crucial role in reversing population decline in Anhui, with significant job creation in the sector [24] - Guizhou has also seen a demographic turnaround due to the establishment of data centers, attracting a growing workforce [26]