明知印度是“投资坑”，企业为何扎堆往里跳？揭秘真相背后逻辑

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the paradox of investment in India, highlighting the allure of its vast market and low labor costs, while also warning of the inherent risks and challenges that investors face in this complex environment [1][3][5]. Group 1: Market Potential - India boasts a population of 1.4 billion, creating a significant market opportunity that attracts businesses seeking growth [7]. - Even a small percentage of consumers can support a large business empire, making India an appealing destination for companies from mature markets [9]. - The wave of consumer upgrades is anticipated to emerge, driving expectations for future growth that outweigh current risks [9]. Group 2: Cost Advantages - Labor costs in India are significantly lower, allowing for greater production efficiency; for instance, one worker in a domestic market can produce three shirts in India [11]. - Despite concerns about worker efficiency and discipline, the low cost of labor is a compelling factor for companies looking to maximize output [11]. Group 3: Competitive Pressure - The fear of falling behind competitors drives many companies to invest in India, as industry peers are rapidly establishing a presence in the market [13]. - This "fear of missing out" leads businesses to enter the Indian market despite the known risks, as they feel compelled to keep pace with their rivals [15]. Group 4: Regulatory Challenges - Once companies invest in India, they may encounter a complex regulatory environment that can impose significant costs and operational challenges [17]. - Compliance issues, such as environmental standards and labor contracts, can lead to unexpected financial burdens, making it difficult for companies to repatriate profits [19][21]. Group 5: Human Behavior and Investment Psychology - Many investors believe they can navigate the challenges of the Indian market, often underestimating the complexities involved [23]. - The article suggests that investors are driven by greed and a sense of optimism, leading them to ignore warnings and past failures [27][37]. - The cyclical nature of investment in India reflects a broader human tendency to chase opportunities despite the risks, as capital flows in and out of the market based on prevailing narratives [32][34].