特朗普对金砖国家下手，巴西第一个遭殃，卢拉态度强硬，不会对美国“低头”

Core Viewpoint - The trade conflict between the United States and Brazil has escalated, with President Trump announcing a significant tariff increase on Brazilian goods, which has sparked strong reactions from Brazilian President Lula and raised concerns about the implications for global trade dynamics [1][3][5]. Group 1: Trade Tariffs and Economic Impact - Starting August 1, 2025, tariffs on Brazilian goods will rise from 10% to 50%, marking Brazil as the first major target among BRICS nations [1]. - The U.S. has maintained a trade surplus of $410 billion with Brazil over the past decade, raising questions about the justification for the tariff increase [1]. - Brazil's economy is expected to grow by 2.5% in 2025, supported by a recovery in agriculture and the job market, despite the impending tariffs [3][5]. Group 2: Political Context and Responses - The tariff announcement follows a BRICS summit where the U.S. was criticized for unilateral tariffs that disrupt global supply chains [3]. - Lula's administration is pursuing a dual strategy: filing a complaint with the WTO and potentially retaliating with equivalent tariffs if negotiations fail [3][5]. - The trade conflict reflects deeper political tensions, with Lula advocating for a multipolar world order that challenges U.S. dominance, particularly in light of Brazil's recent trade agreements with China and other nations [5][7]. Group 3: Market Reactions and Future Outlook - Brazilian exports are diversifying, with significant orders for beef, soybeans, and aircraft redirected towards China and other markets, indicating resilience against U.S. market pressures [3][5]. - The situation is seen as a test of Lula's government, with the potential to reshape Brazil's economic alliances and reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar [5][7]. - The upcoming tariff implementation date of August 1 is anticipated to be a critical moment in assessing the strength of the emerging multipolar trade landscape [7].