焦点访谈｜6.5吨“快递”3小时送达，揭秘中国载人航天“天地货运”体系

Core Viewpoint - The successful launch of the Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft marks the eighth delivery to the Chinese space station, showcasing the establishment of a rapid logistics channel between Earth and space, which is crucial for ongoing operations and scientific research in the space station [1][3]. Group 1: Logistics and Transportation - The Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft carried a total of 6.5 tons of supplies, representing an 11% increase in cargo volume compared to Tianzhou-8, making it the largest transport mission during the application and development phase of the space station [6]. - The Tianzhou series has progressively validated key technologies such as cargo transportation and in-orbit refueling since its inception, establishing itself as one of the world's leading cargo spacecraft [8]. - The Tianzhou-9 spacecraft is designed with a three-month emergency launch capability, allowing for a "one launched, one prepared" operational mode to ensure continuous supply to the space station [8]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The Long March 7 rocket, which launched Tianzhou-9, has undergone significant improvements in management and operational efficiency, reducing preparation time from 38 days to 25 days and core task preparation time from 24 hours to 8 hours [12]. - The rocket's design incorporates full digitalization, enabling precise management of the entire production and assembly process, which enhances the reliability of each launch [10][12]. - New experimental payloads, including a space ranging device and a novel propulsion test device, were carried on this mission, aimed at advancing space technology while fulfilling cargo delivery tasks [18]. Group 3: Scientific Research and Experiments - The Tianzhou-9 mission included the delivery of specialized scientific samples, such as a brain organoid chip, to study the effects of space conditions on human brain function, addressing potential health risks for astronauts [14][16]. - The establishment of a new laboratory at the Wenchang base allows for the preparation of sensitive biological samples, facilitating advanced life science experiments in microgravity [16]. - The increasing proportion of scientific experiments and payloads in cargo deliveries reflects the evolving focus of China's space station towards more complex research endeavors [16]. Group 4: Future Developments - The development of additional cargo vehicles, such as the lightweight "Qingzhou" and "Haolong" spacecraft, indicates a move towards a more flexible and diverse logistics system for China's manned space missions [20]. - The ongoing expansion of launch capabilities at Wenchang and other commercial launch sites is expected to enhance China's ability to explore and utilize space resources effectively [20].