中国花了20年，吃透乌克兰军工技术，唯独留下了哪一大遗憾？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical military cooperation between China and Ukraine, highlighting the technological advancements China gained from Ukraine's military industrial legacy after the Soviet Union's dissolution, while also noting the significant regret of not acquiring the Motor Sich company and its advanced aviation engine technology [1][12][18]. Group 1: Historical Context - After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine inherited about 30% of the Soviet military industrial assets, including significant shipyards and aircraft manufacturing facilities [1]. - Ukraine sought external partners to sustain its military industries, leading to deep cooperation with China starting in 1992 [1][3]. Group 2: Technological Transfer - Over 2,000 Ukrainian experts were sent to China to assist in technology transfer across various fields, significantly contributing to China's military production capabilities [3]. - China invested approximately $70 million to $80 million annually in Ukrainian military technology, which included purchasing equipment and hiring technical experts [3]. Group 3: Key Projects - In 1998, China purchased the unfinished Soviet aircraft carrier Varyag for $20 million, which was later transformed into the Liaoning, marking a strategic shift in China's naval capabilities [5][6]. - The Liaoning's design benefited from Ukrainian technical support, particularly in deck layout and power systems, enhancing its operational capabilities [8]. Group 4: Engine Technology - China acquired 30 gas turbines from Ukraine for the 052D destroyer, significantly improving the speed and endurance of its naval vessels [8]. - A purchase of $380 million was made for turbofan engines from Motor Sich for training aircraft, contributing to China's aviation technology base [10]. Group 5: Acquisition Attempts and Challenges - China expressed interest in acquiring Motor Sich in 2009, with a significant attempt in 2017 to purchase over 50% of the company, which was supported by Motor Sich's management [14]. - The acquisition faced scrutiny from Ukrainian security agencies and opposition from the U.S., leading to the termination of the deal in 2021 due to geopolitical tensions [16]. Group 6: Current Implications - The inability to acquire Motor Sich has left China reliant on foreign technology, particularly Russian engines, which has affected the performance of key aircraft like the Y-20 [19]. - The historical cooperation has led to significant advancements in China's military capabilities, but it also underscores the importance of self-reliance in technology development for future military independence [21].