欧盟将首次对俄石油在印度的最大炼油厂，实施制裁

Core Viewpoint - The European Union's recent focus on India's oil refining sector is a reaction to the unintended consequences of its sanctions against Russia, highlighting the complexities of global oil trade and the potential economic repercussions for the EU itself [3][8]. Group 1: EU's Sanctions and India's Role - The EU has imposed sanctions on Russia due to the Ukraine conflict, leading to a significant increase in India's oil imports from Russia, which rose from 5 million tons in 2022 to 90 million tons by 2024, accounting for 38% of India's crude oil imports [5][8]. - India not only imports Russian crude oil but also refines it and exports finished products, such as diesel and aviation fuel, back to Europe, with approximately 150,000 barrels per day being exported to the EU in the first half of 2024 [5][7]. Group 2: Economic Implications for the EU - The EU's attempt to cut ties with Russian oil has inadvertently led to a situation where it relies on India, which profits from buying discounted Russian oil and selling refined products at higher prices to Europe [7][10]. - The EU's refined oil inventory is currently about 7% lower than the five-year average, raising concerns about fuel shortages if sanctions on Indian refineries are enforced [8][12]. Group 3: India's Resilience and Future Outlook - India's oil trade is diversified, with buyers in Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America, making it less vulnerable to EU sanctions [10]. - The established logistics and financial channels between India and Russia for oil trade are robust, suggesting that sanctions may not effectively disrupt this relationship [10][12]. - The potential for increased economic independence in India could arise if the EU imposes strict sanctions, leading to a reevaluation of India's economic ties with the West [10][12].