热射病： 体温升高引发器官损伤

Core Insights - The article highlights the increasing cases of heat stroke patients in Harbin Medical University First Affiliated Hospital's emergency department, with common symptoms including body temperature exceeding 42°C, significant consciousness impairment, and rapid multi-organ failure [1] Group 1: Medical Mechanism - Heat stroke is characterized by a significant rise in core body temperature, disruption of the nervous system, and multi-organ damage, which can lead to death in a short time [1] - The occurrence of heat stroke is attributed to the failure of the body's temperature regulation system, particularly when core temperature exceeds 40.5°C, leading to a breakdown in cellular energy metabolism and mitochondrial function [1][2] Group 2: Physiological Effects - Sustained high body temperature can damage enzymes and proteins, interrupting vital biochemical reactions, initially manifesting as liver and kidney dysfunction [2] - Extreme temperatures can trigger an abnormal immune response, releasing inflammatory factors that increase vascular permeability and can lead to severe bleeding and shock [2] Group 3: Prevention and Recommendations - Preventing heat stroke involves more than just limiting outdoor activities; it requires proactive hydration, balanced nutrition, and proper timing for outdoor exposure [2] - Recommendations include drinking 200 to 300 milliliters of water every hour, especially during heavy sweating, and consuming foods rich in potassium and magnesium to enhance heat resistance [2] Group 4: Outdoor Activity Management - It is crucial to schedule outdoor activities wisely, avoiding strenuous exercise during peak heat hours from 10 AM to 4 PM [3] - Suggested protective measures include wearing light-colored, loose-fitting clothing, using sun protection, and carrying cooling devices [3] Group 5: Emergency Response - The key to treating heat stroke is rapid cooling and immediate medical attention, with a critical response time of about 10 minutes [3] - Initial steps include moving the patient to a cool, shaded area, removing excess clothing, and using cold water or ice packs to lower body temperature effectively [3]