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Group 1: Global Economic Overview - In the first half of the year, developed economies showed stable demand for commodities, with Europe recovering and the US maintaining resilience, while Japan and South Korea experienced weaker economic conditions [1] - Emerging economies, except for India, saw a decline in economic growth, leading to a slight decrease in commodity demand growth [1] - As the deadline for the US to impose additional tariffs approaches, market investors have mixed expectations for global commodity demand in the second half of the year [1] Group 2: Copper Market Analysis - Copper prices experienced significant fluctuations in the first half of the year, averaging around $9,500 per ton, influenced by anticipated US tariffs and "reciprocal tariffs" [2] - Demand for copper is expected to remain strong in the short term, with an estimated inflow of 180,000 tons into the US before tariffs take effect, but long-term outlook remains bearish [2] - Domestic copper production is projected to be between 1.05 million and 1.08 million tons per month in the second half of the year, with a global increase in refined copper production of 320,000 tons, a 2.4% rise [2][3] Group 3: Aluminum Market Insights - The aluminum market faced oversupply pressures in the first half of the year, with prices fluctuating between 2,850 and 3,400 RMB per ton [4] - Global aluminum demand is expected to grow by around 4%, translating to an increase of approximately 1.8 million tons [4] - The domestic aluminum supply is projected to increase by 1.2 million tons, a 2.8% rise, with no significant supply gaps anticipated in the global market [4][5] Group 4: Nickel Market Conditions - Nickel prices have been under pressure due to global trade tensions, with prices rebounding towards production cost levels by the end of the second quarter [6] - The supply of nickel remains ample, with a decline in high-grade nickel production and an increase in overall refining capacity [6] - Demand for nickel, particularly from the stainless steel sector, is expected to remain weak, with price fluctuations projected between 105,000 and 128,000 RMB per ton [6] Group 5: Tin Market Outlook - Tin prices have shown a "high-low-rebound" trend in the first half of the year, with global apparent consumption initially expected to grow by 5% but later revised to negative due to declining end-user demand [7][8] - Supply from Indonesia increased, while production from Malaysia and Bolivia decreased, leading to a slight overall supply increase [7] - The expected price range for tin in the second half of the year is between $30,000 and $36,000 per ton [8] Group 6: Lead Market Dynamics - Lead prices increased by 2.6% in the first half of the year, with an average price of 16,975 RMB per ton, despite a decline in import demand [9] - Global lead production is expected to grow by 4%, while recycled lead production is projected to decline by 4.8% [10] - The lead market is anticipated to experience supply and demand growth in the second half of the year, with price fluctuations expected between 16,500 and 17,800 RMB per ton [10] Group 7: Black Commodity Market Trends - The black commodity market faced downward pressure due to oversupply, high inventories, and weakened export expectations [11] - Crude steel demand is projected to decline by 1.5% year-on-year in the second half, with a reduction in production of approximately 10 million tons for the year [11][12] - Iron ore prices are expected to fluctuate between $76 and $85 per ton internationally, with domestic prices ranging from 656 to 730 RMB per ton [12] Group 8: Lithium Carbonate Market Developments - Lithium carbonate prices have significantly decreased, with a drop of 22% to 62,260 RMB per ton by June 30 [13] - The lithium market is entering a phase of capacity clearing, with supply pressures expected to continue into the second half of the year [13][15] - Demand for lithium carbonate is projected to grow by 22% in the second half, with prices expected to stabilize between 50,000 and 70,000 RMB per ton [15] Group 9: Industrial Silicon Market Projections - Industrial silicon prices have been on a downward trend, with supply expected to increase slightly in the second half of the year [16][17] - The market is anticipated to achieve a tight balance between supply and demand, with prices expected to fluctuate between 6,500 and 9,500 RMB per ton [17]