为啥俄罗斯原油占比首超沙特！我国进口能源版图中东惊变值得吗

Core Insights - The global competition for oil, particularly in the Middle East, is a significant aspect of international relations, with the U.S. historically seeking control over this resource-rich region to maintain its influence and pricing power [1] - China's energy strategy is evolving towards reducing dependence on Middle Eastern oil, focusing on domestic production and diversifying import sources [3][7] Group 1: Energy Production and Consumption - In 2024, China's oil production is projected to reach a historical high of 212 million tons, yet it still falls short of the annual demand of 756 million tons, leading to an import volume of 553 million tons and a dependency rate of 71.9% [3][11] - The share of Middle Eastern oil in China's imports has decreased to below 55%, with Russia emerging as a significant supplier, accounting for 15.5% of imports [9][7] Group 2: Transportation and Supply Chains - Since 2004, China's oil imports have surged nearly sixfold, with Middle Eastern oil supply now constituting 51% of total imports, while Russian oil supply has reached 15.5% [5][9] - The construction of land-based energy corridors, such as the China-Russia oil pipeline with an annual capacity of 30 million tons, is helping to mitigate reliance on maritime routes like the Malacca Strait [7][19] Group 3: Energy Security Measures - China has established a strategic oil reserve system capable of covering 100 days of net imports, alongside increasing domestic oil and gas production to enhance energy security [11][12] - The promotion of green energy solutions, including the rise of electric vehicles and solar energy, is expected to reduce reliance on traditional oil, with 30 million electric vehicles projected to replace approximately 28 million tons of gasoline by 2024 [12][14] Group 4: Financial and Geopolitical Dynamics - The use of the Chinese yuan in oil transactions is increasing, with 99.6% of Sino-Russian oil trade now settled in yuan, marking a shift away from the U.S. dollar's dominance in global oil markets [14][19] - The potential of African oil resources is being recognized, with Nigeria's refineries expected to start production by 2025, contributing to a growing share of West African oil in the global market [16][19] Group 5: Strategic Initiatives - China's energy strategy is characterized by a multi-faceted approach, including the "island-hopping" strategy and enhancing energy autonomy, which is reshaping the global energy landscape [18][19] - The expansion of energy supply chains, including new production bases in Europe and North America, is aimed at overcoming trade barriers imposed by Western nations [18][19]