育人，还是造“工具”：中小学生作文里的世界

Core Viewpoint - The current practice of compulsory education is increasingly focused on producing "tools" that meet external standards rather than nurturing well-rounded individuals with thoughts, dignity, and values [1][9]. Group 1: Issues in Education - Over 99% of students' essays indicate a pervasive "tool-like" perspective, where children see themselves as means to achieve external expectations rather than as individuals with intrinsic value [2]. - The writing of students often reflects a dependency on external validation, with achievements being celebrated only when they align with others' expectations [3][4][5][6][7]. - The absence of a "subjective self" in students' writing highlights the deviation from the fundamental goals of education [8]. Group 2: Causes of "Self-Toolization" - The cognitive development stage of children limits their self-concept, leading them to rely on external authority for validation [10]. - The current education system emphasizes highly externalized evaluation standards, equating children's worth with their academic performance [11][12]. - The reward systems in schools and families reinforce these external standards, shaping children's writing tendencies to please authority figures [13][14]. Group 3: Societal Influences - Societal expectations and adult values permeate compulsory education, focusing on external achievements and compliance rather than internal feelings [15][16]. - Children's emotions are often dismissed or criticized, leading to a suppression of their true feelings and a reluctance to express themselves authentically [17]. Group 4: Consequences of "Self-Toolization" - Children develop a habit of "pleasing others," losing touch with their authentic selves, which can lead to a mindset of self-denial and a need for external approval [19][20]. - The emphasis on standardized answers stifles creativity and critical thinking, as children fear deviating from established norms [21]. - Emotional capabilities become distorted, with children expressing only socially acceptable feelings while repressing genuine emotions [22]. Group 5: Recommendations for Improvement - Educators and parents should encourage diverse expressions and stimulate independent thinking through open-ended questions and discussions about self-identity and values [27][30]. - Redefining success to focus on the learning process and personal growth rather than just academic performance can help children appreciate their unique journeys [30][31]. - Creating a safe psychological environment where children can express their true feelings without fear of judgment is essential for fostering authentic self-expression [35][36].